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BOOK:
DAVID CARR-SMITH - IMPROVISED
ARCHITECTURE IN AMSTERDAM INDUSTRIAL SQUATS & COLLECTIVES
"TETTERODE"
SQUAT 1981-/COLLECTIVE 1986 to-- - p10(of 13)
BILDERDIJKSTRAAT:
OLD BUILDING APARTMENTS ....
in process
<
TETTERODE - p1: INTRODUCTION <
< TETTERODE -
p2: PUBLIC-USE & WORK-SPACES <
<
TETTERODE -
p3: DACOSTAKADE BUILDINGS: MERKELBACH & HARTCAMP <
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TETTERODE -
p4: DACOSTAKADE: MERKELBACH APTS <
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TETTERODE - p5: DACOSTAKADE: MERKELBACH APTS <
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TETTERODE - p5-1: DACOSTAKADE: MERKELBACH APTS <
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TETTERODE - p6: DACOSTAKADE: MERKELBACH APTS <
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TETTERODE - p7: DACOSTAKADE: HARTCAMP APTS <
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TETTERODE - p8: DACOSTAKADE: HARTCAMP APTS <
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TETTERODE - p8-1: DACOSTAKADE: HARTCAMP APTS <
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TETTERODE - p8-2: DACOSTAKADE: HARTCAMP APTS <
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TETTERODE - p9: BILDERDIJKSTRAAT BUILDINGS <
TETTERODE - p10: BILDERDIJKSTRAAT
APTS
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TETTERODE - p11: BILDERDIJKSTRAAT APTS >
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TETTERODE - p12: BILDERDIJKSTRAAT APTS >
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TETTERODE - p13: BILDERDIJKSTRAAT APTS >
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THE BILDERDIJK OLD-BUILDING [bd]
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BILDERDIJK OLD BUILDING [bd]: W-FACADE
(pic
9-95 / to EEN)
The
Bilderdijk building's ground level street front is mainly given over to
shops, cafe, art gallery; the entry to the night-club in the east side
semi-basement, and 3 entries into the Collective.
At
each end of the west facade a row of small L1 windows indicates the shallow
entresol floors - the south entresol is a small enclave including 3 apts,
the north a single large apt.
The
two upper big-windowed levels are Bilderdijk's most populous apt floors: L2
is the 'Glazed-Court' enclave; L3 is the largest enclave in Tetterode.
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BILDERDIJK
OLD BUILDING [bd]: E-FACADE
(pic
12-4-06 / to W)
Bilderdijk's
courtyard facade and its two bridges to Dacostakade (from Hartcamp's south
terrace 'Sky-Lawn').
The lowest
level walls a semi-basement used by an external night-club "De
Trut".
The first
row of paired-windows belong to the 3 1-bay apts of the bd-L1/lm enclave
[the "Lettermagazijn"]; its kitchen window is under the bridge.
The
second row of windows belong to apts of the bd-L2 enclave [the
'Glazed-Court'] - the lowest bridge leads directly into its centre.
The
top row of windows belong to apts of the bd-L2 enclave - the upper bridge
leads directly into its entry-hall space.
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BILDERDIJK OLD BUILDING
[bd]
(Architect-Drawing: 19##
/ Section WWS to EEN)
This
is a section through the old building's central 4 bays - here its west
street-level half is a single full-height volume and its east half is
horizontally divided.
Summary:
L0 west-half (left): Art Gallery or large shop.
L0 east-half (right) semi-basement: night-club
"De Trut".
L1 east-half (right) entresol:
"Lettermagazijn" enclave.
L2: enclave 'Glazed-Court' (with roof-lit
centre).
L3: enclave
(surrounds L2 light-well)
Note: North
and south of its four centre bays the building's west half includes shallow
L1 entresol floors, but its east half is more complex: north of centre is
the Company's full height entry-hall, south is a clutch of L1 rooms [presently
included in the "South Entresol" enclave].
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BILDERDIJK OLD-BUILDING HOMES & WORK-SPACES
[written 2006 - info re mid 1990s]
In this section we will move upwards through the Bilderdijk old building's three living-space levels.
The first level L1 - or rather levels, since beneath L2 the
east and west halves of Bilderdijk are differently floored - is a 'collection' of
three entresols. The
"Lettermagazijn" enclave along the eastern courtyard face, the
"South Entresol" and "North Entresol" at each end of the
western street front. The South Entresol however, includes in its enclave
boundary a small portion of Bilderdijk's east half, and the "North Entresol" is not
really an enclave at all but an exceptionally large
single apt.
Above L1 the floors are a constant level across the whole building.
On L2 and L3 many apts typify Tetterode's smaller living-spaces:
one window-bay single-volume with a 'platform' mezzanine.
Among these are those of special significence: for instance Rein's apt
[bd-L2] is a very complex example of the type and will also serve to
illustrate an aspect of design-development that is typical of these improvised
dwellings.
Of
Bilderdijk's 32 living-spaces 22 are shown on this and the following two pages:
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BILDERDIJK: bd-L1 'ENTRESOLS': bd-L1/elm
ENCLAVE ("Lettermagazijn") / bd-L1/eS ENCLAVE ("South-Entresol")
/ bd-L1/eN APT ("North-Entresol")
These
are the level-1 "Entresols" - the 'in-between floors'.
On the 'inside' of
Tetterode,
facing the
Courtyard, is the "Lettermagazijn" - over the semi-sunken
"Trut" nightclub.
On the 'outside' of
Tetterode,
facing Bilderdijkstraat, are the south and north "Entresols" - flanking the building's four 6.5m high centre
bays. These
differ: the full building-width south "Entresol" is an enclave
of 3 apts and shared kitchen etc.; the north "Entresol" is not an
enclave - only half the building's width (behind it is the 7m high Co. Entrance
Hall) - it is filled with a single large apt. These west-front
"Entresols" were designed as apts
(for factory staff). Even though their spaces are now re-divided by new walls,
their floor height, enclosure and seperation, window-style,
service-installations, (and perhaps more subtle traces of intention & use),
convey a sense of domesticity completely absent in Merkelbach; achieving only 'hostel-floors' in Hartcamp; and otherwise in Bilderdijk reliant on
the 'family-like' cohesion which results from social autonomy and isolation
(Lettermagazijn enclave) or centralised physical/social focus and relative
isolation ('Glazed-Court' enclave [bd-L2]). Their analogue is
the DE LOODS 'worker's house' and to less extent its Customs Office, and the
SILO's Centre-Stair
offices.
SOCIAL CHANGES IN THE
BILDERDIJK ENTRESOLS ...
in process
[written: 2010]
When visited in 2008 the
most obvious expression of the burgeoning needs of Tetterode's young families -
the enlarging of apts by amalgamation of neighbouring spaces (lowering its
population of adults and raising that of children) - was the transformations of
the Lettermagazijn and the "South-Entresol" from enclaves to single
huge homes. .dkflkm
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BILDERDIJK OLD BUILDING: PLAN
LEVEL 0 - 'ENTRESOLS'
(Architect-Drawing
1986 / top is EEN)
In
the centre, with its windows opening to the Courtyard are the 4 rooms of the
"Lettermagazijn" [bd-L1/lm]. At the south end [pic: rt] is the
"South Entresol" [bd-L1/eS]. At the north end [pic: cnt-lft] is
ths "North Entresol" [bd-L1/eN].
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BILDERDIJK:
bd-L1/elm ENCLAVE ("Lettermagazijn")
[written: 1994]
This is the most
serene and elegant of Tetterode's enclaves. From the outside its row of big
windows dominates the south side of the courtyard - but from within it is so
hidden that a resident two floors above claimed not to know of it.
It was built as the
type-foundry's 'letter-store': a single rectangular space half the building's
width (19m x 10m x 4m). All the floor-surface - including the long mezzanine
gallery along the inner side of the big room and its jetty-like extensions
towards the windows - was crowded with rows of shelved cabinets filled with lead
type specimens, In spite of the high quality of its fittings (including an
african hard-wood floor of Iroko wood) the space was packed, dark, painted olive
green.
In 1986 three people
removed all the type-cabinets (yielding much clean planking) and changed it to a
row of four big rooms: building dividing walls along the centers of the three
promontory galleries and between their twinned supporting posts; and walled out
a common access space beneath the mezzanine, joining the three apts with a
social kitchen and a completely tiled 7m² shower/wc/wash-machine cell.
The Lettermagazijn
has an entrance at both ends, but finding them is puzzling. Inside a door at the
courtyard's NW-corner, and hidden round the angle of a small dark passage, is a locked
door whose little window faces stair-treads - if one can gain admittance here
one will emerge into the centre of the enclave's beautiful kitchen under its
yellow gallery steps. Its S-end door is inside the locked [bd-L1/eS] S-Entresol's
foyer - via that and through another
locked door is a cornered passage into a long low-lit space, so 'within'
that "hallway" is too preliminary a term, "corridor" too
active and cold for this common place that lies behind all the rooms...their
'exchange-space'. A comfortable sense of shared privacy and secure enclosure
pertains here; it seems a 'subterranean'
distance to the 'outside' - contradicted by views, through 1970's shop doors, of magnificent
rooms with vast end-windows.
[written: 2010] ...
in process
mhhj.h.h
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BILDERDIJK OLD BUILDING:
PLAN - LEVEL 1 '"LETTERMAGAZIJN" ENCLAVE [bd-L1/lm]
(Architect-Drawing
1986 / top is EEN)
In
the centre of the E side, with their windows opening to the Courtyard, are the 4 rooms of the
"Lettermagazijn".
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LETTERMAGAZIJN
ENCLAVE: COMMON-SPACE
(pic
8-90 / to SSE) The
common space along the enclave's inner side, that can be entered (if one
finds the ways) at either end, & which serves like an inner street
the three courtyard-facing apts and kitchen, plus a bathroom/wc.
View
towards its south end, past Gert-Jan and Gemma apts, to the exit near the
S-Entresol. |
LETTERMAGAZIJN
ENCLAVE: COMMON-SPACE
(pic
8-93 / to NNW) View
to the N, past Gemma and Gisa apts. Across the
far end is the bathroom, but a right turn enters the Kitchen, whose centre
stair leads down to a Courtyard-connecting passage. |
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ENCLAVE
KITCHEN (1986
-) [bd-L1/elm / N-end - 1 bay]
The shared kitchen
and dining space at the N-end is more enclosed than
the apts: Courtyard workshops claim the lower part of the big window and its
upper-portion is shaded under the
bridges. The dominating feature is a monumental and clearly conceived
wooden stair, up to the gallery and down to its 'hidden' courtyard north entry.
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ENCLAVE KITCHEN:
(pic 8-90 / to W)
At
the back left is the entry from the common-space; at the rear is the wall
and door of the wash/wc room. The central stair ascends to a gallery and also descends to a locked door, exiting into a narrow passage to the
Courtyard's NW corner.
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ENCLAVE KITCHEN:
(pic 9-93 / to NNW)
The
strident colors of 1990 have been tamed and subtleised.
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ENCLAVE KITCHEN:
(pic 9-93 / to NE)
From the entry.
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ENCLAVE KITCHEN:
(pic 9-93 / to NW)
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GISA
KÜFFNER APT (MARJOLIJN:
1986 - /
GISA: 1993
-) [bd-L1/elm / N-cntr - 1 bay]
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MARJOLIJN APT (PRE GISA):
(pic 1990 / to E) Marjolijn
was the first inhabitant of the N-apt.
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GISA APT (EX MARJOLIJN):
(pic 8-93 / to WWS) The
apt's entry is open onto the common-space that connects all parts of the
enclave.
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GISA APT
(EX MARJOLIJN):
(pic 8-93 / to NE) Seen
from its entry door.
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GISA APT
(EX MARJOLIJN): NE-CORNER
(pic 8-93 / to N) The
apt occupies the last bay with windows unobstructed by the Courtyard
workshops.
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GE
ERT-JAN
STRENGHOLT APT (1986 -) [bd-L1/elm / S-cntr - 1 bay]
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GEERT-JAN APT:
(pic 9-93 / to WWN)
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GEERT-JAN APT:
(pic 9-93 / to EEN)
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GEERT-JAN APT: FROM GALLERY
(pic 9-93 / to EEN)
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GEERT-JAN APT: COUCH
(pic 9-93 / to NE)
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WILLY
VAN BERLO APT (GEMMA: 19## - /
WILLY: c1991
-) [bd-L1/elm / S-end - 1 bay]
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GEMMA APT (PRE WILLY):
(pic 8-90 / to SW)
Gemma
was the first inhabitant of the S-apt.
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WILLY (EX GEMMA):
(pic 9-93 / to EEN)
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BILDERDIJK:
bd-L1/eS ENCLAVE ("South-Entresol")
The so-called "South Entresol" is accessed through a locked door on the first
landing. It comprises three apartments and a shared kitchen/eating-space with an added platform 'for guests'.
Confusingly, the
"Entresol" is only part of the enclave. Up a short stair from the entry lobby are the two apts
(Marion's and Ton's) that occupy the
"Entresol" proper, the 'in-between floor' overlooking the Bilderdijkstraat, squeezed over shops in the
building's SE corner. This has long been domestically occupied - before the squatters the Tetterode caretakers' families lived in rooms which overlapped these
present living-spaces, which show a ghost plan of walls on the 90 year old floor. The central shared kitchen and the third apt
(Martine's) flank the Lettermagizijn
east of the entresol floor, in more 'normal' Tetterode spaces.
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BILDERDIJK OLD BUILDING:
PLAN - LEVEL 1 "SOUTH-ENTRESOL"
ENCLAVE
[bd-L1/eS]
(Architect-Drawing
1986 / top is EEN)
The
"South Entresol" is a confusing label for an enclave which
combines within its boundary the
S-Entresol's two apts with conventional
full-height spaces on the building's east side (an apt and the shared kitchen).
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ENCLAVE
SHARED SPACE & KITCHEN, & GUEST-PLATFORM (19##
-) [bd-L1/eS / centre]
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ENCLAVE SHARED SPACE & KITCHEN:
(pic 8-93 / to S)
The
sitting/dining room for the enclave. Through the arch is its kitchen. Overhead
is a 'guest' platform. The three high windows (shared by the platform) open onto
an open 'loggia' on Tetterode's S-facade (ref Marion's apt below).
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ENCLAVE
SHARED SPACE FROM 'GUEST' PLATFORM
(pic 8-93 / to SW)
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ENCLAVE
SHARED SPACE - ON THE GUEST PLATFORM
(pic 8-93 / to SW)
At
this time Boris (a painter) occupied the 'guest' platform.
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ENCLAVE SHARED KITCHEN:
(pic 8-93 / to WWS)
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MARTINE
VAN KAMPEN APT (19## -)
[bd-L1/eS / SE-cnr]
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MARTINE APT
(pic 8-93 / to NE)
Martine's 1-bay space is a typical small 'Tetterode factory' platform apt, not in the 'real' entresol. Though included in the 'S-Entresol'
enclave and opening off its shared central
kitchen/diner, it is on the east side facing the courtyard; unlike the other two enclave apts on the Bilderdijk front, established in a unique type of
Tetterode space, pre-designed for domesticity.
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MARTINE APT
(pic 8-93 / to WWS)
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MARION
OELMANN APT (Oct 1987 -)
[bd-L1/eS / SW-cnr]
In October 1987 Marion moved into a
small dark room in the centre of the Entresol, opened its wall into this
extensive space, walled a portion of the common landing for its
kitchen/entry-hall and renovated its cupboard-sized shower and WC.
This long low clearly ordered room
penetrating deeply into the building's width and opening above the street,
typifies the style of many A'dam flats, but with 2 bizarre exceptions: its
dark-red entry-hall is also a tiny cubic kitchen, and a picture-sized square
opens in its rear wall onto a subject astonishingly detached from its setting: a
dark vision of a huge-arched loggia with sky in its brows high over a chin-high
floor. An unexplained feature of Tetterode's south facade.
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MARION APT: ENTRY & KITCHEN
(pic 8-93 / to EES) The
apt's 'front-door' (serving also as a notice board) opens directly from the
landing into a tiny kitchen/hallway - here viewed through its door into the
main living-room..
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MARION APT:
(pic 8-93 / to SW) Looking
out over Bilderdijkstraat at the S-end of Tetterode through the small windows of
the "entresol", in a space originally designated for habitation rather than factory.
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MARION APT:
(pic 8-93 / to SE)
The yellow Music Cupboard
(1993) was designed on paper and made by Rein in his workshop from new wood.
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MARION APT:
(pic 8-93 / to EES) At
the NE corner is a small window gives access to an arched 'loggia'.
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MARION APT:
(pic 8-93 / to SE)
The NE corner access to the arched 'loggia'.
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MARION APT:
(pic 8-93 / to EES)
This strange 'left-over' space opens above the enclave's kitchen through
Tetterode's SSE facad ...an arched loggia which
Marion uses as a wash-drying area, accessing it through a small window at
her apt's NE corner.
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TON
SEELEN APT (19## -)
[bd-L1/eS / NW-cnr]
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TON APT:
(pic 8-93 / to SW) Adjoining
Marion's apt,Ton's looks out over Bilderdijkstraat at the S-end of Tetterode
through the small windows of the "entresol", in an area originally
designed for domestic use.
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BILDERDIJK:
bd-L1/eN APT ("North-Entresol")
The smaller
½-building-width north "Entresol" is undivided - not an enclave but a single large isolated apt.
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BILDERDIJK OLD BUILDING:
PLAN - LEVEL 1 "NORTH-ENTRESOL"
[bd-L1/eN]
(Architect-Drawing
1986 / top is EEN)
The
"North Entresol" is an isolated large apt.
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GONNY
SCHROËN APT (19##
-) [bd-L1/eN / W-side]
Opening
directly from a circulation route, this is one of very few Tetterode apts not
part of a locked enclave. Its 'front-door' is on the first landing of the
Bilderdijk old building's N-stair.
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GONNY APT:
(pic 8-93 / to W)
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GONNY APT:
(pic 8-93 / to E)
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^ Top >
Next Page >
<
TETTERODE - p1: INTRODUCTION <
< TETTERODE -
p2: PUBLIC-USE & WORK-SPACES <
<
TETTERODE -
p3: DACOSTAKADE BUILDINGS: MERKELBACH & HARTCAMP <
<
TETTERODE -
p4: DACOSTAKADE: MERKELBACH APTS <
<
TETTERODE - p5: DACOSTAKADE: MERKELBACH APTS <
<
TETTERODE - p5-1: DACOSTAKADE: MERKELBACH APTS <
<
TETTERODE - p6: DACOSTAKADE: MERKELBACH APTS <
<
TETTERODE - p7: DACOSTAKADE: HARTCAMP APTS <
<
TETTERODE - p7-1: DACOSTAKADE: HARTCAMP APTS <
<
TETTERODE - p8: DACOSTAKADE: HARTCAMP APTS <
<
TETTERODE - p8-1: DACOSTAKADE: HARTCAMP APTS <
<
TETTERODE - p8-2: DACOSTAKADE: HARTCAMP APTS <
<
TETTERODE - p9: BILDERDIJKSTRAAT BUILDINGS <
TETTERODE - p10: BILDERDIJKSTRAAT
APTS
>
TETTERODE - p11: BILDERDIJKSTRAAT APTS >
>
TETTERODE - p12: BILDERDIJKSTRAAT APTS >
>
TETTERODE - p13: BILDERDIJKSTRAAT APTS >
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